Platelet-derived growth factor and stromal cell-derived factor-1 promote the skin wound repairing effect of bone mesenchymal stem cells: a key role of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and collagens

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been applied to treatment of skin wounds. In the current study, the effect of BMSCs on secretion of several cytokines during skin wound healing was investigated. In addition, the mechanism underlying the promoting effect of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and stromal cellderived factor-1 (SDF-1) on BMSCs was also preliminarily explored. BMSCs were isolated from femur and tibia of rats and characterized by surface antibodies. Skin wounded rats was employed as the in vivo model for evaluating the effect of BMSCs on skin healing and secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), PDGF, SDF-1, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). The promoting effect of SDF-1 and PDGF on the function of BMSCs was also assessed by focusing on the activity of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) signaling and deposition of collagens. Administration of BMSCs promoted skin wound healing and induced the production of bFGF, IL-1β, PDGF, SDF-1, and TNF-α. Moreover, PDGF treatment recruited BSMCs to injured sites and strengthened the effect of BMSCs on skin wound by suppressing activity of MMP-1. Similarly, SDF-1 treatment also increased the treating effect of BMSCs on skin injury, which was through the deposition of collagen I and collagen III. Both indicators exerted their effect on BMSCs in a dose-dependent manner. Findings outlined in the current study indicated that administration of BMSCs accelerated wound healing and enhanced the production of PDGF and SDF-1, which would contribute to recruitment of BMSCs in injured area and deposition of collagens.